ANIMAL SCIENCE COURSE of STUDY

Course: Animal Science

Grade Level: 9-10

Length: 1 year

Course Description:

Students will be introduced to the importance of animal agriculture and the role that it has in our society. Topics that will be included are units on: introduction to animal science, animal industries, genetics, reproduction, skeletal system, digestive systems, anatomy and physiology, animal health, meat science, animal welfare, and aquaculture.

Units and Objectives:

1. Introduction to animal science

a. What is animal science

i. Definition of science and animal science

b. Scientific method

i. Topic 0002-A: Describe and explain the steps of the scientific method

ii. Topic 0002-B: Given a problem or hypothesis students to create a relevant experiment using the steps of the scientific method.

iii. Topic 0002-C: Given a data set, students to create an appropriate graph.

iv. Topic 0002-D: Given a graph of a data set, students to extrapolate data to determine a projected outcome.

v. Topic 0002-E: Students will be able to collect quantitative and qualitative observations in scientific experiments.

c. Domestication

i. Importance of domestication

ii. When, why, & where

d. Classification

i. Topic 0001A-A: Define and understand the term "binomial nomenclature.

ii. Topic 0001A-B: Explain briefly and question how and why things are classified.

iii. Topic 0001A-C: Understand the concept of kingdoms and list all five (animal, plant, fungi, monera, and protista).

e. Animal products

i. Understand the different uses of animals

ii. Know the various products production animal supply

2. Animal industries

a. Beef

i. Topic 3081A: Explain common terms used in the Beef Cattle Industry.

ii. Topic 3081B: Explain the use of beef cattle in the agricultural and public sector.

iii. Topic 3081C: Describe the major breeds of beef cattle.

iv. Topic 3081D: Describe the differences between purebred and grade beef cattle.

v. Topic 3081E: Visually identify retail and wholesale cuts of beef animal and the use of each.

vi. Topic 3081F: List and explain common diseases and parasites of beef cattle and describe methods of control of each.

vii. Topic 3081G: Explain the concept of body temperature, heart rate and respiration in a health beef animal and demonstrate how to evaluate each.

viii. Topic 3081H: Describe and demonstrate the proper handling techniques of beef cattle.

ix. Topic 3081I: Describe the housing requirements for beef cattle.

b. Dairy

i. Topic 3091A: Explain the common terms used in the Dairy Cattle Industry.

ii. Topic 3091B: Explain the use of dairy cattle in the agricultural and public sector.

iii. Topic 3091C: Describe the major breeds of dairy cattle.

iv. Topic 3091D: Describe the differences between purebred and grade dairy cattle.

v. Topic 3091E: Visually identify retail and wholesale cuts of a dairy animal and the use of each.

vi. Topic 3091F: List and explain common diseases and parasites of dairy cattle and describe methods of control of each.

vii. Topic 3091G: Explain the concept of body temperature, heart rate and respiration in a health dairy animal and demonstrate how to evaluate each.

viii. Topic 3091H: Describe and demonstrate the proper handling techniques of dairy cattle.

ix. Topic 3091I: Describe the housing requirements for dairy cattle.

c. Swine

i. Topic 3121A: Explain the common terms used in the Swine Industry.

ii. Topic 3121B: Explain the use of swine in the agricultural and public sector.

iii. Topic 3121C: Describe the major breeds of swine.

iv. Topic 3121D: Describe the differences between purebred and grade swine.

v. Topic 3121E: Visually identify retail and wholesale cuts of swine and the use of each.

vi. Topic 3121F: List and explain common diseases and parasites of swine and describe methods of control of each.

vii. Topic3121G: Explain the concept of body temperature, heart rate and respiration in health swine and demonstrate how to evaluate each.

viii. Topic 3121H: Describe and demonstrate the proper handling techniques of swine.

ix. Topic 3121I: Describe the housing requirements for swine.

d. Poultry

i. Topic 3138A: Explain the common terms used in the Poultry Industry.

ii. Topic 3138B: Explain the use of poultry in the agricultural and public sector.

iii. Topic 3138C: Describe the major breeds of poultry.

iv. Topic 3138D: Describe the differences between purebred and grade poultry.

v. Topic 3138E: Visually identify retail and wholesale cuts of poultry and the use of each.

vi. Topic 3138F: List and explain common diseases and parasites of poultry and describe methods of control of each.

vii. Topic3138G: Explain the concept of body temperature, heart rate and respiration in health poultry and demonstrate how to evaluate each.

viii. Topic 3138H: Describe and demonstrate the proper handling techniques of poultry.

ix. Topic 3138I: Describe the housing requirements for poultry.

e. Sheep

i. Topic 3101A: Explain the common terms used in the Sheep Industry.

ii. Topic 3101B: Explain the use of sheep in the agricultural and public sector.

iii. Topic 3101C: Describe the major breeds of sheep.

iv. Topic 3101D: Describe the differences between purebred and grade sheep.

v. Topic 3101E: Visually identify retail and wholesale cuts of sheep and the use of each.

vi. Topic 3101F: List and explain common diseases and parasites of sheep and describe methods of control of each.

vii. Topic 3101G: Explain the concept of body temperature, heart rate and respiration in health sheep and demonstrate how to evaluate each.

viii. Topic 3101H: Describe and demonstrate the proper handling techniques of sheep.

ix. Topic 3101I: Describe the housing requirements for sheep.

f. Horses

i. Topic 3181A: Explain the common terms used in the Equine Industry.

ii. Topic 3181B: Explain the use of equines in the agricultural and public sector.

iii. Topic 3181C: Describe the major breeds of equines.

iv. Topic 3181D: Describe the differences between purebred and grade equines.

v. Topic 3181E: List and explain common diseases and parasites of equines and describe methods of control of each.

vi. Topic 3181F: Explain the concept of body temperature, heart rate and respiration in a health equine and demonstrate how to evaluate each.

vii. Topic 3181G: Describe and demonstrate the proper handling techniques of equines.

viii. Topic 3181H: Describe the housing requirements for equines.

3. Genetics

a. Inheritance

i. Topic 3032A: Define and understand the terms chromosomes, nucleic acids, DNA, and RNA.

ii. Topic 3032B: Define and understand the terms haploid, diploid, and segregation

b. Genotype and phenotype

i. Topic 3033A: Define and understand the terms phenotype, genotype, homozygous, heterozygous, allele, gene, dominant and recessive.

c. Mutation

i. Topic 3034A: Define and understand mutation and describe two effects that mutation has had on commercial animal agriculture and what future mutations many bring.

d. Sex determination

i. Understand the concept of sex determination mammals and birds

4. Anatomy and physiology

a. Basic anatomy and physiology

i. Know the types of anatomy

ii. Topic 3021A: Examine, describe and use terms of direction and position in the vertebrate body.

iii. Topic 3021B: Examine and explain general glandular functions including secretion and excretion.

iv. Topic 3021C: Classify the function of specific glands as endocrine or exocrine.

5. Reproduction

a. Comparative reproductive systems

i. Topic 3025A: Label and examine the six major organs found in the reproductive tracts of farm animals and humans.

ii. Topic 3025B: Outline and assess the resulting long-term physiological and behavioral results of different castrated animals.

iii. Topic 3025C: Describe and examine general metabolic and physiological changes resulting from castration and identify the reason for these changes (focus on the hormonal level).

iv. Topic 3025D: Explain castration and approved methods of practices and give reasons for each.

v. Topic 3025E: Describe and understand the function of the major organs found in the mammalian reproductive tract.

vi. Topic 3025F: Accurately diagram an animal sperm and ovum and identify all major parts.

vii. Topic 3025G: Examine the steps of mitosis.

viii. Topic 3025H: Examine the steps of meiosis.

ix. Topic 3025I: List and compare the gestation length, time of ovulation and length of - estrus for four domestic species of economic importance.

x. Topic 3025J: Examine and describe the process of fertilization in animals.

xi. Topic 3025K: Examine and discuss the transmission of genes through meiotic division to form sperm and ova.

xii. Topic 3025L: Briefly describe and examine the act of mating and conception through implantation of the embryo (blastocyst) in the uterus.

xiii. Topic 2035M: Define "parturition."

xiv. Topic 3025N: Examine and discuss the events leading to, during and after parturition.

xv.Topic 3025O: Examine and observe first-hand (or through the use of videotape) the birth process, making note of events previously discussed in class.

xvi. Topic 3025P: List the three stages of parturition, explain when each stage begins and ends, describe the proper fetus presentation, and list possible problems that may occur during delivery.

xvii. Topic 3025Q: Verbally outline the development of a prenatal farm animal from fertilization to birth using slides.

xviii. Topic 3025R: List the gestation periods of the mare, cow, sow, ewe, and doe rabbit.

xix. Topic 3025S: Define the term freemartin and identify the problems that can occur with freemartins in bovine breeding programs (genetic level).

b. Skeletal systems

c. Comparative skeletal systems

i. Topic 3022A: Using correct spelling, label the external anatomy of at least four domestic animals of economic significance.

ii. Topic 3022B: Visually identify and examine external parts of live farm animals.

iii. Topic 3022C: Identify and examine on a diagram the general components of the vertebrate skeletal system.

iv. Topic 3022D: Examine and describe the basic physiological function of the primary components the skeletal system.

6. Digestive systems

a. Comparative digestive systems

i. Topic 3024A: Describe and understand the basic functions of the primary components of the digestive system.

ii. Topic 3024B: Compare the functions and locations of the digestive organs in man, poultry, horses, cows and swine.

iii. Topic 3024C: Differentiate between and identify digestive systems of man, horses, swine, poultry and cows.

iv. Topic 3024D: Demonstrate an understanding of the structure and function of the digestive system by tracing the pathways of food through the four types of livestock digestive systems, with emphasis on function of organs in the digestive process.

7. Nutrition

a. Types of nutrients

i. Distinguish between carnivore, omnivore, and herbivore

ii. List the six nutrients essential to life

iii. Discuss the relationship between proteins and amino acids

iv. Distinguish between a concentrate and a roughage

v. Explain the differences in the feed used by monogastrics and ruminants

b. Feed rations

i. Topic: 3049A: Describe and propose a simple feeding regime for market swine, lambs and beef.

ii. Topic: 3049B: Distinguish between a nutritionally balanced ration and an economically balanced ration for livestock.

iii. Topic: 3049C: Calculate a least-cost ration nutritionally sound ration for a project.

iv. Topic: 3049D: Calculate a balanced ration.

8. Animal health

a. Animal health – whose responsibility is it

i. Topic 3056A: Identify and examine the three parts responsible for an animal's health.

ii. Topic 3056B: Describe and understand the role of each of the responsible parts.

b. Diseases

i. Describe various types of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa

ii. Describe how vaccines work

iii. Describe how diseases are spread

c. Parasites

i. Topic 3053A: Identify three major infectious and three major noninfectious agents and prescribe methods of control for each.

d. Nutritional disorders

e. Understand nutritional deficiencies and metabolic disorders

9. Meat science

a. Wholesale cuts

i. Know the various wholesale cuts of meat from beef, sheep, and swine

b. Retail cuts

i. Identify the various retail cuts of meat from beef, sheep, swine, and poultry

c. Meat preservation

i. Know the different types of meat preservation

10. Animal welfare and rights

a. Issues of animal welfare and rights

i. Topic 3013A: Debate the issues concerned with animal welfare (e.g., hunting vs. anti-hunting).

ii. Topic 3013B: Analyze and discuss the pros and cons of various land management systems, including preservation and multiple use.

iii. Topic 3013C: Analyze the components to ethical production of animals.

11. Aquaculture

a. What is aquaculture

i. Know the animal types and their requirements

ii. Uses of aquaculture animals

iii. Able to compare aquaculture and agriculture

iv. History of aquaculture

v. Know advantages and disadvantages of aquaculture

vi. Importance of aquaculture

b. Basic concepts

i. Topic 3072A: Explain common terms used in the Aquaculture Industry.

ii. Topic 3072B: Explain the use of fish in the agricultural and public sector.

iii. Topic 3072C: Describe the major breeds of fish.

iv. Topic 3072D: Visually identify the cuts of fish and the use of each.

v. Topic 3072E: List and explain common diseases and parasites of fish and describe methods of control of each.

vi. Topic 3072F: Explain the concept of a health fish.

vii. Topic 3072G: Describe and demonstrate the proper handling techniques of fish.

viii. Topic 3072H: Describe the living environment of a fish.

c. Water testing for aquaculture systems

i. Topic 3073A: To determine the different ways of testing water quality.

ii. Topic 3073B: To learn how and why to test for pH, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrite, and hardness.

iii. Topic 3073C: To get a basic understanding of how water quality effects fish.